Fuel modification · California

Plants to Avoid (and How to Choose)

Water-efficient is not the same as fire-safe.

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Fire-resistant succulents and low plants

The standard undesirable plant list

PlantWhy it is banned
JuniperOily; hidden dead foliage
Italian cypressTorch; dead interior needles
EucalyptusVolatile oils, bark, litter
Pampas grassDry plumes, dead center
BroomInvasive and combustible
Chamise, red shankHigh resin and fuel load
BambooDry leaves, dense growth
Bougainvillea, vinesWoody path to the roof

Also on many local lists: pines, acacia, fountain grass, giant reed, palms with dead skirts, annual weeds.

Check three lists, in this order

  1. Your fire agency’s plant lists
  2. The Cal-IPC invasive inventory
  3. WUCOLS for your region’s water rating

Keep aromatic shrubs (lavender, rosemary, sage, ceanothus, rockrose) out of Zones 0 and 1; Zone 2 only if your agency approves. A plant that is not listed is not approved by default; where sources disagree, follow the stricter rule.

Validate with MWELO.com

Group plants into hydrozones and check WUCOLS ratings for your exact city, then browse species and validate your hydrozones in MWELO.com.

Fire-safe still needs a water budget. Validate your hydrozones, WUCOLS plant ratings and MAWA water budget, and get permit-ready compliance documents, at MWELO.com. For fuel-mod plant choices, see the MWELO fuel mod guide.